Agroforestry with answers, 50 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) for competitive exams like upsssc AGTA, UPSC, UPPCS, ICAR, etc

50 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on Agroforestry with answers, for competitive exams like upsssc AGTA, UPSC, UPPCS, ICAR, etc.

✅ Definition of Agroforestry:

Agroforestry is a sustainable land-use system where woody perennials (trees, shrubs, palms, bamboos, etc.) are deliberately grown on the same land management unit with agricultural crops and/or livestock, either in spatial mixture or temporal sequence, in such a way that there are ecological and economic interactions between the components.

🔍 Key Features of Agroforestry:

Combines agriculture + forestry + livestock (in some systems).

Promotes biodiversity, soil fertility, carbon sequestration, and livelihood enhancement.

Examples include: alley cropping, silvopasture, home gardens, windbreaks, and taungya system.

✅ Agroforestry MCQs (1–50)

Which of the following best defines agroforestry?
A) Growing crops only
B) Raising animals only
C) Integrating trees with crops and/or livestock
D) Growing trees in forests only
Ans: C
Which agroforestry system involves growing trees and crops together?
A) Silvopastoral
B) Agrosilvicultural
C) Agrisilvopastoral
D) Silvicultural
Ans: B
Which is an example of silvopastoral system?
A) Crops + Trees
B) Trees + Livestock
C) Crops only
D) Trees only
Ans: B
Taungya system originated in which country?
A) India
B) Myanmar (Burma)
C) Nepal
D) China
Ans: B
Which of the following trees is best suited for alley cropping?
A) Eucalyptus
B) Leucaena leucocephala
C) Pinus
D) Populus
Ans: B
Agroforestry Research Centre in India is located at:
A) New Delhi
B) Jhansi
C) Dehradun
D) Lucknow
Ans: B
ICAR-Central Agroforestry Research Institute (CAFRI) is situated at:
A) Coimbatore
B) Hyderabad
C) Jhansi
D) Bhopal
Ans: C
In India, National Agroforestry Policy was launched in:
A) 2012
B) 2014
C) 2015
D) 2010
Ans: B
Which component is NOT part of agrisilvopastoral system?
A) Crops
B) Livestock
C) Trees
D) Fish
Ans: D
Which agroforestry system is commonly used for soil conservation on slopes?
A) Windbreaks
B) Shelterbelts
C) Alley cropping
D) Contour hedgerow intercropping
Ans: D

The main advantage of agroforestry is:
A) Monoculture promotion
B) Soil degradation
C) Biodiversity enhancement
D) Increased pesticide use
Ans: C
Which of the following is a nitrogen-fixing tree?
A) Neem
B) Acacia
C) Teak
D) Eucalyptus
Ans: B
Which is NOT a benefit of agroforestry?
A) Increased soil erosion
B) Carbon sequestration
C) Livelihood security
D) Nutrient recycling
Ans: A
Which of the following is a commercial agroforestry tree species?
A) Bamboo
B) Sal
C) Deodar
D) Oak
Ans: A
In alley cropping, which factor is most critical?
A) Tree height
B) Alley width
C) Crop color
D) Wind speed
Ans: B
Which system integrates aquaculture with forestry?
A) Agrosilvopastoral
B) Agrisilviculture
C) Aqua-forestry
D) Silvipastoral
Ans: C
Which species is used in windbreaks?
A) Mango
B) Casuarina
C) Banana
D) Papaya
Ans: B
The practice of integrating bees with agroforestry is called:
A) Apiculture
B) Bee farming
C) Apisilviculture
D) Entomoculture
Ans: C
Which agroforestry practice is most suited for arid zones?
A) Shelterbelts
B) Taungya
C) Aquaforestry
D) Wetland cropping
Ans: A
Which is an example of home garden agroforestry system?
A) Mango + Cowpea
B) Coconut + Black Pepper + Banana
C) Eucalyptus monoculture
D) Wheat + Mustard
Ans: B

Which of the following is NOT a component of agroforestry system?
A) Forest trees
B) Agricultural crops
C) Livestock
D) Ships
Ans: D
Which tree species is most suitable for agroforestry in saline soils?
A) Prosopis juliflora
B) Sal
C) Oak
D) Teak
Ans: A
Which policy supports agroforestry under MGNREGA?
A) Forest Rights Act
B) National Agroforestry Policy
C) National Employment Guarantee Scheme
D) Water Policy
Ans: B
Which tree is most compatible with wheat in north India?
A) Teak
B) Eucalyptus
C) Poplar
D) Neem
Ans: C
Which tree species causes allelopathic effects on crops?
A) Neem
B) Eucalyptus
C) Amla
D) Mango
Ans: B
What is the major environmental role of agroforestry?
A) Increasing CO₂
B) Desertification
C) Climate regulation
D) Monoculture promotion
Ans: C
Which species is preferred in fodder-based agroforestry?
A) Poplar
B) Leucaena
C) Teak
D) Sal
Ans: B
Which agroforestry model is traditional in Kerala?
A) Silvopastoral
B) Taungya
C) Home garden
D) Alley cropping
Ans: C
Who is considered the father of agroforestry in India?
A) M.S. Swaminathan
B) R.P. Singh
C) B.N. Tewari
D) A.P. Dwivedi
Ans: D
Which tree provides both timber and fodder in agroforestry?
A) Sal
B) Albizia lebbeck
C) Eucalyptus
D) Pine
Ans: B

Which is a fast-growing agroforestry tree?
A) Poplar
B) Oak
C) Sal
D) Deodar
Ans: A
Which system is best for fuelwood production?
A) Agrisilviculture
B) Silvopastoral
C) Home gardens
D) Windbreaks
Ans: A
Which tree improves soil fertility naturally?
A) Acacia
B) Teak
C) Eucalyptus
D) Pine
Ans: A
Which term describes interaction between trees and crops?
A) Parasitism
B) Competition
C) Symbiosis
D) Allelopathy
Ans: D
Which of these is NOT a constraint in adopting agroforestry?
A) Lack of awareness
B) Technical knowledge
C) Government subsidy
D) Landholding pattern
Ans: C
Which of the following is a traditional agroforestry system in northeast India?
A) Jhum cultivation
B) Taungya
C) Windbreak
D) Shelterbelt
Ans: A
Which factor affects tree-crop-livestock interaction the most?
A) Internet
B) Topography
C) Tractor use
D) Family size
Ans: B
The main objective of agroforestry is:
A) Monoculture farming
B) Crop rotation
C) Sustainable land use
D) Single-output farming
Ans: C
Which species is used for live fencing in agroforestry?
A) Agave
B) Poplar
C) Mango
D) Wheat
Ans: A
Which system includes both annual and perennial components?
A) Cropping system
B) Agroforestry system
C) Forestry
D) Horticulture
Ans: B

Which tree is commonly used in poplar-based agroforestry?
A) Populus deltoides
B) Pinus roxburghii
C) Cedrus deodara
D) Acacia auriculiformis
Ans: A
Which zone is ideal for agroforestry in India?
A) Desert
B) Alpine
C) Indo-Gangetic plain
D) Coastal
Ans: C
Which tree-based system is best for erosion control?
A) Windbreaks
B) Contour hedgerow
C) Shelterbelt
D) Linear plantation
Ans: B
Which of these is NOT a tree-crop combination in agroforestry?
A) Poplar + Sugarcane
B) Eucalyptus + Paddy
C) Mango + Turmeric
D) Teak + Maize
Ans: B
Which agroforestry practice improves microclimate?
A) Monoculture
B) Shelterbelt
C) Slash and burn
D) Intercropping
Ans: B
Agroforestry helps in reducing:
A) Biodiversity
B) Soil fertility
C) Climate change
D) Organic matter
Ans: C
Taungya system is a form of:
A) Agrosilviculture
B) Silvopastoral
C) Forest plantation
D) Farm forestry
Ans: A
Which institute coordinates agroforestry research in India?
A) ICRISAT
B) ICAR
C) CAFRI
D) IARI
Ans: C
Which of these improves nitrogen in the soil?
A) Leucaena
B) Teak
C) Mango
D) Neem
Ans: A
Which species is avoided in agroforestry for its allelopathic nature?
A) Bamboo
B) Neem
C) Eucalyptus
D) Acacia
Ans: C

✅ Agroforestry – Institutions & Year-Based MCQs

The National Agroforestry Policy in India was launched in which year?
A) 2012
B) 2014
C) 2016
D) 2018
✅ Ans: B) 2014
ICAR-Central Agroforestry Research Institute (CAFRI) is located at:
A) Dehradun
B) Hyderabad
C) Jhansi
D) Lucknow
✅ Ans: C) Jhansi
Which Indian ministry launched the Sub-Mission on Agroforestry (SMAF)?
A) Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare
B) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
C) Ministry of Rural Development
D) Ministry of Panchayati Raj
✅ Ans: A) Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare
Sub-Mission on Agroforestry (SMAF) was initiated in which year?
A) 2012–13
B) 2014–15
C) 2016–17
D) 2018–19
✅ Ans: C) 2016–17
The first university in India to establish a Department of Agroforestry was:
A) GBPUAT, Pantnagar
B) TNAU, Coimbatore
C) CCSHAU, Hisar
D) OUAT, Bhubaneswar
✅ Ans: C) CCSHAU, Hisar
Who is known as the "Father of Agroforestry in India"?
A) M.S. Swaminathan
B) R.P. Singh
C) A.P. Dwivedi
D) V.L. Chopra
✅ Ans: C) A.P. Dwivedi
Which international organization is associated with global agroforestry research?
A) ICRISAT
B) ICRAF
C) CIMMYT
D) IRRI
✅ Ans: B) ICRAF (International Centre for Research in Agroforestry)
Agroforestry Mission is implemented under which national program?
A) National Bamboo Mission
B) RKVY
C) National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)
D) PMFBY
✅ Ans: C) National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)
Which of the following institutions is NOT directly involved in agroforestry research?
A) CAFRI
B) ICRAF
C) IARI
D) NDDB
✅ Ans: D) NDDB (focuses on dairy development)
In which year was the Indian Society of Agroforestry established?
A) 1975
B) 1985
C) 1990
D) 1992
✅ Ans: B) 1985

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