100 important Agriculture MCQs with answers for Agriculture competitive exams like UPSC, UPPCS, IBPS-AFO, UPSSSC-AGTA
100 important Agriculture MCQs with answers for Agriculture competitive exams like UPSC, UPPCS, IBPS-AFO, UPSSSC-AGTA, and other agriculture-related exams. These questions cover general agriculture, agronomy, soil science, plant breeding, and allied subjects.
General Agriculture.
-
The term “Golden Revolution” is associated with:
- A) Milk production
- B) Oilseed production
- C) Horticulture development
- D) Sericulture
✅ Answer: C) Horticulture development
-
Which crop is known as “King of cereals”?
- A) Rice
- B) Wheat
- C) Maize
- D) Barley
✅ Answer: B) Wheat
-
Who is known as the Father of Indian Green Revolution?
- A) Dr. B.P. Pal
- B) Dr. M.S. Swaminathan
- C) Dr. Norman Borlaug
- D) Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh
✅ Answer: B) Dr. M.S. Swaminathan
-
The optimum depth of ploughing in black cotton soil is:
- A) 5–10 cm
- B) 10–15 cm
- C) 15–20 cm
- D) 20–25 cm
✅ Answer: D) 20–25 cm
-
Which of the following is a Kharif crop?
- A) Wheat
- B) Mustard
- C) Maize
- D) Gram
✅ Answer: C) Maize
-
The most widely used fertilizer in India is:
- A) DAP
- B) MOP
- C) Urea
- D) SSP
✅ Answer: C) Urea
-
Which soil is best suited for cotton cultivation?
- A) Red soil
- B) Laterite soil
- C) Black soil
- D) Alluvial soil
✅ Answer: C) Black soil
-
Legumes improve soil fertility due to their ability to:
- A) Absorb more water
- B) Fix atmospheric nitrogen
- C) Prevent erosion
- D) Act as cover crops
✅ Answer: B) Fix atmospheric nitrogen
-
Which cropping system involves growing of two or more crops in definite rows?
- A) Mixed cropping
- B) Intercropping
- C) Relay cropping
- D) Crop rotation
✅ Answer: B) Intercropping
-
The isolation distance for certified seed production of maize is:
- A) 200 m
- B) 300 m
- C) 400 m
- D) 500 m
✅ Answer: D) 500 m
-
C4 plants show higher productivity due to:
- A) CAM pathway
- B) Efficient CO₂ fixation
- C) More stomatal opening
- D) None of the above
✅ Answer: B) Efficient CO₂ fixation
-
Zaid crops are grown in:
- A) Summer
- B) Winter
- C) Monsoon
- D) Autumn
✅ Answer: A) Summer
-
Mulching helps in:
- A) Increasing soil erosion
- B) Retaining soil moisture
- C) Increasing evaporation
- D) Reducing germination
✅ Answer: B) Retaining soil moisture
-
Which of the following is a biofertilizer?
- A) Rhizobium
- B) Urea
- C) DAP
- D) Potash
✅ Answer: A) Rhizobium
-
Broadcasting is a method of:
- A) Seed treatment
- B) Watering
- C) Manure application
- D) Seed sowing
✅ Answer: D) Seed sowing
-
What is the average seed rate of wheat per hectare (irrigated)?
- A) 50 kg
- B) 75 kg
- C) 100 kg
- D) 125 kg
✅ Answer: C) 100 kg
-
Which irrigation method is most suitable for horticultural crops?
- A) Border
- B) Sprinkler
- C) Drip
- D) Check basin
✅ Answer: C) Drip
-
Which crop is sensitive to waterlogging?
- A) Paddy
- B) Jute
- C) Maize
- D) Sugarcane
✅ Answer: C) Maize
-
Phosphatic fertilizers are best applied:
- A) As top dressing
- B) Through foliar spray
- C) As basal dose
- D) At flowering stage
✅ Answer: C) As basal dose
-
The physiological maturity in wheat is indicated by:
- A) Milky grains
- B) Yellowing of lower leaves
- C) Hard grain with black layer
- D) Shriveled grains
✅ Answer: C) Hard grain with black layer
-
Sowing time of Rabi crops is generally:
- A) June–July
- B) October–November
- C) March–April
- D) December–January
✅ Answer: B) October–November
-
Which state is the highest producer of rice in India?
- A) Uttar Pradesh
- B) Punjab
- C) West Bengal
- D) Tamil Nadu
✅ Answer: C) West Bengal
-
The term "Tillering" in wheat refers to:
- A) Root development
- B) Flower emergence
- C) Formation of side shoots
- D) Seed hardening
✅ Answer: C) Formation of side shoots
-
The anti-quality factor in sorghum is:
- A) Trypsin inhibitor
- B) Tannin
- C) Cyanogenic glycoside
- D) Nitrate
✅ Answer: B) Tannin
-
A crop grown to protect the main crop from strong wind is called:
- A) Cover crop
- B) Trap crop
- C) Guard crop
- D) Mixed crop
✅ Answer: C) Guard crop
Which of the following soils is highly saline in nature?
- A) Red soil
- B) Desert soil
- C) Black soil
- D) Alluvial soil
✅ Answer: B) Desert soil
-
The pH range suitable for most crops is:
- A) 3.5–4.5
- B) 5.5–7.5
- C) 8.5–9.5
- D) 10.5–11.5
✅ Answer: B) 5.5–7.5
-
The term “pedology” is related to the study of:
- A) Fertilizer
- B) Soil
- C) Rocks
- D) Crops
✅ Answer: B) Soil
-
In which soil horizon does most biological activity occur?
- A) O horizon
- B) A horizon
- C) B horizon
- D) C horizon
✅ Answer: B) A horizon
-
NPK ratio in DAP is:
- A) 18:46:0
- B) 12:32:16
- C) 10:26:26
- D) 20:20:0
✅ Answer: A) 18:46:0
-
Which micronutrient is essential for nitrogen fixation in legumes?
- A) Zinc
- B) Boron
- C) Molybdenum
- D) Copper
✅ Answer: C) Molybdenum
-
The process of soil formation is called:
- A) Pedogenesis
- B) Stratification
- C) Sedimentation
- D) Salinization
✅ Answer: A) Pedogenesis
-
The father of genetics is:
- A) Charles Darwin
- B) G.J. Mendel
- C) Watson
- D) N.I. Vavilov
✅ Answer: B) G.J. Mendel
-
Hybrid maize was first developed by:
- A) Beal
- B) East and Shull
- C) Vavilov
- D) Watson
✅ Answer: B) East and Shull
-
Which of the following is a self-pollinated crop?
- A) Wheat
- B) Maize
- C) Sunflower
- D) Bajra
✅ Answer: A) Wheat
-
Which country is the origin of rice?
- A) China
- B) India
- C) Brazil
- D) USA
✅ Answer: A) China
-
The first transgenic crop was:
- A) Cotton
- B) Soybean
- C) Tobacco
- D) Tomato
✅ Answer: C) Tobacco
-
Which scientist classified crop plants into 8 centers of origin?
- A) Darwin
- B) Vavilov
- C) Mendel
- D) Borlaug
✅ Answer: B) Vavilov
-
Which gas is used in plant tissue culture for sterilization?
- A) CO₂
- B) O₂
- C) Ethylene oxide
- D) Methane
✅ Answer: C) Ethylene oxide
-
Which plant hormone is responsible for fruit ripening?
- A) Auxin
- B) Gibberellin
- C) Ethylene
- D) Cytokinin
✅ Answer: C) Ethylene
-
One hectare is equal to:
- A) 1000 m²
- B) 10000 m²
- C) 100 m²
- D) 100000 m²
✅ Answer: B) 10000 m²
-
Which Indian state ranks first in sugarcane production?
- A) Uttar Pradesh
- B) Maharashtra
- C) Tamil Nadu
- D) Karnataka
✅ Answer: A) Uttar Pradesh
-
Which is the apex body for agricultural research in India?
- A) NABARD
- B) ICAR
- C) FCI
- D) NHB
✅ Answer: B) ICAR
-
Which institute developed the variety ‘Kalyan Sona’ of wheat?
- A) IARI
- B) IIPR
- C) CIMMYT
- D) ICRISAT
✅ Answer: A) IARI
-
Which vitamin is richest in yellow maize?
- A) Vitamin A
- B) Vitamin B₁
- C) Vitamin C
- D) Vitamin D
✅ Answer: A) Vitamin A
-
The deficiency of iron in plants causes:
- A) Chlorosis
- B) Necrosis
- C) Wilting
- D) Blackening
✅ Answer: A) Chlorosis
-
The ideal C:N ratio for composting is:
- A) 20:1
- B) 30:1
- C) 10:1
- D) 40:1
✅ Answer: B) 30:1
-
India ranks ___ in total food grain production globally.
- A) First
- B) Second
- C) Third
- D) Fourth
✅ Answer: B) Second
-
PM-Kisan scheme provides income support of how much annually?
- A) ₹4000
- B) ₹6000
- C) ₹8000
- D) ₹10000
✅ Answer: B) ₹6000
-
MSP is recommended by which body?
- A) NABARD
- B) FCI
- C) CACP
- D) ICAR
✅ Answer: C) CACP
- Pusa Delicious is a variety of:
- A) Mango
- B) Apple
- C) Banana
- D) Guava
✅ Answer: B) Apple
- Which of the following fruit is climacteric?
- A) Grapes
- B) Banana
- C) Litchi
- D) Orange
✅ Answer: B) Banana
- Which vitamin is present in abundance in Aonla?
- A) Vitamin A
- B) Vitamin B
- C) Vitamin C
- D) Vitamin D
✅ Answer: C) Vitamin C
- Which fruit is known as the “King of Fruits”?
- A) Banana
- B) Apple
- C) Mango
- D) Guava
✅ Answer: C) Mango
- Seedless grapes are propagated by:
- A) Seed
- B) Budding
- C) Cutting
- D) Layering
✅ Answer: C) Cutting
- Which is a short-day plant?
- A) Rice
- B) Potato
- C) Tomato
- D) Sugarcane
✅ Answer: A) Rice
- Which part of the plant is attacked by white grub?
- A) Leaf
- B) Stem
- C) Root
- D) Flower
✅ Answer: C) Root
- The causative agent of red rot of sugarcane is:
- A) Alternaria solani
- B) Colletotrichum falcatum
- C) Fusarium oxysporum
- D) Ustilago scitaminea
✅ Answer: B) Colletotrichum falcatum
- Tikka disease in groundnut is caused by:
- A) Cercospora arachidicola
- B) Puccinia graminis
- C) Albugo candida
- D) Pythium debaryanum
✅ Answer: A) Cercospora arachidicola
- The most serious pest of stored grain is:
- A) Red flour beetle
- B) Rice moth
- C) Lesser grain borer
- D) Khapra beetle
✅ Answer: D) Khapra beetle
- Which chemical is used for fumigation in warehouses?
- A) Malathion
- B) Methyl bromide
- C) Dimethoate
- D) Endosulfan
✅ Answer: B) Methyl bromide
- The vector of rice tungro virus is:
- A) Brown planthopper
- B) Green leafhopper
- C) Whitefly
- D) Aphid
✅ Answer: B) Green leafhopper
- Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) affects:
- A) Poultry only
- B) Goats only
- C) Cattle and pigs
- D) Horses
✅ Answer: C) Cattle and pigs
- Normal body temperature of a healthy cow is:
- A) 99°F
- B) 100°F
- C) 101.5°F
- D) 103°F
✅ Answer: C) 101.5°F
- Which breed of buffalo is known as “Black Gold” of India?
- A) Jaffarabadi
- B) Surti
- C) Murrah
- D) Mehsana
✅ Answer: C) Murrah
- Egg production is highest in which poultry breed?
- A) Aseel
- B) Kadaknath
- C) White Leghorn
- D) Rhode Island Red
✅ Answer: C) White Leghorn
- The average gestation period in cow is:
- A) 240 days
- B) 265 days
- C) 283 days
- D) 305 days
✅ Answer: C) 283 days
- Cattle breeding in India is regulated by:
- A) NDDB
- B) ICAR
- C) National Livestock Mission
- D) State Livestock Boards
✅ Answer: C) National Livestock Mission
- Which is the national aquatic animal of India?
- A) Rohu
- B) Catla
- C) River Dolphin
- D) Hilsa
✅ Answer: C) River Dolphin
- Composite fish culture includes:
- A) Only Indian major carps
- B) Exotic species
- C) Indian and exotic species together
- D) Marine fishes
✅ Answer: C) Indian and exotic species together
- The largest inland fish producing state in India is:
- A) West Bengal
- B) Andhra Pradesh
- C) Uttar Pradesh
- D) Maharashtra
✅ Answer: B) Andhra Pradesh
- In extension education, the principle of “Learning by doing” is applied through:
- A) Lectures
- B) Exhibitions
- C) Demonstrations
- D) Films
✅ Answer: C) Demonstrations
- Which is the first step of extension education process?
- A) Planning
- B) Evaluation
- C) Situation analysis
- D) Implementation
✅ Answer: C) Situation analysis
- Which of the following is a method of individual contact in extension?
- A) Group meeting
- B) Home visit
- C) Exhibition
- D) Kisan Mela
✅ Answer: B) Home visit
- Who is known as the father of extension education in India?
- A) A.W. Van Den Ban
- B) K.N. Singh
- C) J.P. Leagans
- D) Dr. K.N. Katyal
✅ Answer: C) J.P. Leagans
- Which of the following is a direct source of agricultural credit?
- A) NABARD
- B) RBI
- C) Cooperative societies
- D) Ministry of Agriculture
✅ Answer: C) Cooperative societies
- Which institution prepares the agricultural GDP estimates in India?
- A) CSO
- B) NITI Aayog
- C) Ministry of Agriculture
- D) ICAR
✅ Answer: A) CSO
- Which one is not included in the three components of MSP calculation?
- A) Cost of cultivation
- B) Demand-supply
- C) Export-import ratio
- D) Inter-crop price parity
✅ Answer: C) Export-import ratio
- NABARD was established in:
- A) 1975
- B) 1982
- C) 1991
- D) 2002
✅ Answer: B) 1982
- Who determines MSP of crops in India?
- A) Ministry of Finance
- B) Ministry of Agriculture
- C) CACP
- D) ICAR
✅ Answer: C) CACP
- The “One Nation One Ration Card” scheme is implemented by:
- A) Ministry of Food Processing
- B) Ministry of Consumer Affairs
- C) Ministry of Agriculture
- D) Ministry of Finance
✅ Answer: B) Ministry of Consumer Affairs
- The "e-NAM" platform is launched for:
- A) Livestock marketing
- B) Online crop insurance
- C) National agricultural market
- D) Fertilizer distribution
✅ Answer: C) National agricultural market
- India’s Agriculture Census is conducted every:
- A) 5 years
- B) 7 years
- C) 10 years
- D) Annually
✅ Answer: A) 5 years
- The headquarters of FAO is located in:
- A) Paris
- B) Rome
- C) Washington
- D) Geneva
✅ Answer: B) Rome
- Which state is known for Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF)?
- A) Maharashtra
- B) Andhra Pradesh
- C) Haryana
- D) Punjab
✅ Answer: B) Andhra Pradesh
- What is the upper limit of KCC loan for small farmers without collateral?
- A) ₹1 lakh
- B) ₹1.6 lakh
- C) ₹3 lakh
- D) ₹5 lakh
✅ Answer: B) ₹1.6 lakh
- Fasal Bima Yojana was launched in which year?
- A) 2014
- B) 2015
- C) 2016
- D) 2017
✅ Answer: C) 2016
- Which state has the largest area under drip irrigation?
- A) Maharashtra
- B) Gujarat
- C) Karnataka
- D) Tamil Nadu
✅ Answer: A) Maharashtra
- The PDS system is mainly designed to distribute:
- A) Electricity
- B) Fertilizers
- C) Food grains
- D) Farm loans
✅ Answer: C) Food grains
- Doubling Farmers' Income target year was:
- A) 2020
- B) 2022
- C) 2024
- D) 2025
✅ Answer: B) 2022
- Which country is the largest producer of pulses in the world?
- A) USA
- B) Brazil
- C) India
- D) China
✅ Answer: C) India
- ICRISAT is headquartered at:
- A) New Delhi
- B) Hyderabad
- C) Pune
- D) Chennai
✅ Answer: B) Hyderabad
- Which state is leading in organic farming in India?
- A) Kerala
- B) Sikkim
- C) Punjab
- D) Maharashtra
✅ Answer: B) Sikkim
- Which scheme aims at developing irrigation facilities in India?
- A) PM-AASHA
- B) PM-KUSUM
- C) PM-KISAN
- D) PM-Krishi Sinchai Yojana
✅ Answer: D) PM-Krishi Sinchai Yojana
- Borlaug Award is given for achievements in:
- A) Education
- B) Science
- C) Agriculture
- D) Industry
✅ Answer: C) Agriculture
- The index that ranks Indian states based on agriculture performance is:
- A) Agriculture Score Index
- B) Agri-Infrastructure Index
- C) Agriculture Marketing Index
- D) NITI Aayog Agricultural Index
✅ Answer: D) NITI Aayog Agricultural Index
- Minimum Support Price (MSP) is announced for how many crops (2024-25)?
- A) 10+1
- B) 15+1
- C) 22+1
- D) 25+1
✅ Answer: C) 22+1
- The World Soil Day is celebrated on:
- A) 5 October
- B) 5 November
- C) 5 December
- D) 5 January
✅ Answer: C) 5 December
- Which international year was declared as “International Year of Millets”?
- A) 2020
- B) 2021
- C) 2022
- D) 2023
✅ Answer: D) 2023
- Which ministry implements “PM-KUSUM” scheme?
- A) Ministry of Power
- B) Ministry of Agriculture
- C) Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
- D) Ministry of Rural Development
✅ Answer: C) Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
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